In study led by Brown faculty and alums, participant regains nearly fluent speech using a brain-computer interface.
Scientists with the BrainGate research consortium have developed a brain-computer interface that translates brain signals into speech with up to 97 percent accuracy, offering a significant breakthrough for individuals with speech impairments due to conditions like amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
The technology involves using implanted sensors in the brain to interpret brain signals when a user attempts to speak. These signals are then converted into text, which is read aloud by a computer.
The work is described in a new study in the New England Journal of Medicine that was led by neurosurgeon David Brandman PhD’18, MD, and neuroscientist Sergey Stavisky ’08, PhD, both of whom are faculty members at UC Davis Health.
“Our BCI technology helped a man with paralysis to communicate with friends, families and caregivers,” Brandman says. “Our paper demonstrates the most accurate speech neuroprosthesis ever reported.”
ALS affects nerve cells controlling muscle movement, leading to the gradual loss of mobility and speech. BCI technology aims to restore communication for those who have lost the ability to speak due to paralysis or neurological disorders.
The system allowed Casey Harrell, 45, who has ALS, to communicate his intended speech effectively within minutes of activation. The powerful moment brought tears to Harrell and his family. Harrell, reflecting on his experience with the technology, described the impact that regaining the ability to communicate could have on others facing similar challenges.
“Not being able to communicate is so frustrating and demoralizing. It is like you are trapped,” Harrell says. “Something like this technology will help people back into life and society.”
The study is part of the BrainGate clinical trial, directed by Leigh Hochberg ’90, MD, PhD, a critical care neurologist, professor of medical science, and the L. Herbert Ballou University Professor of Engineering.
“Casey and our other BrainGate participants are truly extraordinary,” says Hochberg, who is affiliated with the University’s Carney Institute for Brain Science. “They deserve tremendous credit for joining these early clinical trials. They do this not because they’re hoping to gain any personal benefit, but to help us develop a system that will restore communication and mobility for other people with paralysis.”
